Dispersed metals are of critical significance for national economy, national security, and scientific-technological innovation, especially to the development of high, sophisticated, advanced technologies and green energy. The reserves of dispersed metals are relatively rare and the distribution is extremely uneven. Additionally, the contradiction between supply and demand is growing, and there is a high supply risk. On the other hand, its characteristics of "dispersed" , "companion" and "fine" result in the weakness of understanding of its geochemical properties and behavior, and the mechanism of element supernormal enrichment remains controversial. In the past 20 years, the study on dispersed metals has been focused on the types, metallogenic specialization, reservation assessment, and super-enrichment mechanisms. It has changed the conception that " dispersed metals cannot form independent deposits" and initially established the metallogenic regulation of dispersed metals. Super-enrichment of dispersed elements often requires extremely rigid conditions and special geochemical processes. The super-enrichment of rhenium is restricted by mantle melting process, ocean crust sediment recycling, magma oxygen fugacity and degassing process. Indium and tin are often closely related, and both the volatile components and the crystallization process of Fe-Mg silicate minerals in magma that have control the amount of indium in the ore-forming hydrothermal fluid. The mantle source, high oxygen fugacity and high volatility of alkaline rocks promote the migration and enrichment of tellurium, and delta-MnO2 or FeOOH can adsorb large amounts of tellurium in ferromanganese crust. The super-accumulation behavior of cadmium is mainly related to zinc, and the degree of cadmium enrichment is depend on the types of lead-zinc deposits. Germanium in lead-zinc deposits mainly substitute to zinc in sphalerite by isomorphous processes, and tends to combine with organic matter to form germanium complexes and organism in coal seams. Based on current studies, it is necessary to strengthen the investigations concerning the control of element geochemical behavior on the enrichment of dispersed metals, the coupling mechanism among the crust-mantle interaction, hydrothermal process, supergene weathering and deposition, and multistage geological events, and the study on the metallogenic potential of unconventional dispersed metal deposits. This special issue reports the latest progress about this aspect in 13 papers that deal dominantly with magmatic hydrothermal deposit, low-temperature hydrothermal lead-zinc deposit, epigenetic weathering and sedimentation processes of the super-enrichment of dispersed metals, as well as the exploration technology and the prediction method of dispersed metal deposits.