YANG Zaifeng1,2, CHEN Jun1,2,3*, YE Lin3, LIU Jianzhong4, YANG Ruidong1,2, JI Yanbing1,2, LIU Linlin1,2, DU Lijuan1,2, CHEN Xing5, HUANG Zhilong3
(1. College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Karst Geological Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of deposit geochemistry, Institute of geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China;
4. Technological Innovation Center of Mineral Resources Exploration Engineering in Bedrock Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guiyang 550081, China; 5. 113 Geological Brigade of Guizhou Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development, Liupanshui 553000, China)
Abstract: The low-temperature metallogenic area of Southwest Guizhou, located in the northern margin of the Youjiang basin, have many media to large-scale gold and antimony deposits. It is an important part of the large-scale low- temperature metallogenic domain in South China. In addition to hydrothermal gold and antimony deposits, fluorite deposits are also widely developed in this area. Based on the analysis and summary of a large number of previous research data, combined with recent geological exploration achievements, in this paper, we have summarized and analyzed the metallogenic regularity of fluorite deposits and the spatial relationship between them and other low-temperature deposits in the low-temperature metallogenic area of Southwest Guizhou. The results show that the formation of fluorite in this area is related to the large-scale low-temperature hydrothermal mineralization represented by the Au-Sb mineralization. The compositions of trace elements and Sr isotopes of fluorites and H-O isotopes of inclusion fluids in fluorites reveal that the ore-forming fluid was a mixture of the deep circulating radioactive Sr-enriched fluid and the stratigraphic formation water, and its cooling process had mainly resulted in the fluorite precipitation. Recent exploration results show that the spatial distribution of fluorite deposits are controlled by regional deep and large faults, while the occurrence of fluorite in the deposits is obviously controlled by the detachment structure between different lithological planes (or unconformity planes). Especially, the anticline (dome) formed by multi-level detachment structures is a favorable position for the fluorite mineralization. Therefore, it is believed that the intersection region of the Shuicheng－Ziyun fault and the Shizong－Mile fault (the Liuzhi－Pu'an－Qinglong area) in the north margin of Youjiang Basin is a good prospect area of fluorite mineralization. In particular, there is good exploration potential of fluorite resource in peripheries of the anticlines and multi-level structural detachment surfaces which are controlling structures of hydrothermal gold and antimony deposits.
Keywords: fluorite deposit; low temperature mineralization; metallogenic regularity; exploration potential; Southwest Guizhou
